Recognition of Electronic Signatures and Evidentiary Power of Digital Contracts in Indonesia
Keywords:
electronic contract, validity requirements, electronic signature, consumer protection, legal certainty, evidence, digital technologyAbstract
This research analyzes the validity of electronic contracts based on the requirements for a valid agreement under the Indonesian Civil Code and examines the evidentiary strength of electronic signatures and legal protection for parties in digital transactions in Indonesia. The research employs normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The findings indicate that the requirements for a valid agreement remain applicable to electronic contracts, yet the mechanisms for fulfilling these requirements have adapted to digital technology. Certified electronic signatures possess evidentiary strength equivalent to wet signatures, while uncertified electronic signatures have limited evidentiary power. Consumer protection in electronic contracts faces challenges due to the imbalance of bargaining positions and the dominance of standard clauses. This research recommends regulatory reform and jurisprudential development to ensure legal certainty in electronic contracts.
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