Marital Rape in the Perspective of Legal Consciousness and Social Norms
Kata Kunci:
marital rape, legal consciousness, social norms, underreporting, generational shiftAbstrak
This study examines how legal consciousness and social norms shape societal views on marital rape. Legal ambiguity in many jurisdictions where marriage exemption still exists in rape definitions creates confusion about whether forced sex within marriage constitutes a crime. Strong patriarchal norms that demand wives obedience to husbands create immense pressure on victims to remain silent. Economic dependence on husbands and lack of social safety nets force victims to choose between personal safety and children survival. Young generations show positive shifts in awareness due to exposure to gender equality discourses through social media and internet. However this shift remains uneven because of unequal access to education and technology between urban rural areas and across socioeconomic groups. Comprehensive sex education in schools, law enforcement training, and community leader empowerment are key interventions. Legal reform without massive and sustained public awareness campaigns will insufficiently protect victims. Generational change through youth empowerment as change agents offers the most sustainable long term strategy.
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