LAW ENFORCEMENT STRATEGIES AND PROTECTION OF COASTAL STATES' RIGHTS IN INDONESIA'S EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF UNCLOS 1982

Abstrak

This study explores the legal framework, consequences of violations, and mechanisms for rights protection and dispute resolution in Indonesia’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), utilizing a normative and comparative approach based on UNCLOS 1982 and Law No. 5 of 1983. Focusing on how Indonesia strengthens EEZ management, the research highlights the importance of adaptive regulations, strong law enforcement, and active maritime diplomacy. Violations—such as illegal fishing and unauthorized resource exploitation—cause significant economic losses, environmental harm, and diminish state authority. Through qualitative literature analysis, it is found that effective responses depend on updated legal instruments, integration of surveillance technology, and robust international cooperation. Key factors for improved EEZ governance include bilateral and multilateral partnerships, law enforcement capacity building, and community involvement. Ensuring sustainable marine ecosystems requires synergy between prevention, enforcement, and legal education. The study recommends ongoing innovation in surveillance, regulatory updates, and enhanced international collaboration for equitable and sustainable EEZ management.